Researchers from the University of Barcelona have found that a diet rich in fermentable fiber and polyphenols may support gut microbiome health and boost the immune response.
The experiment involved feeding female laboratory mice for nine weeks foods fortified with fermentable fibers (inulin and pectin) and a mixture of polyphenols such as quercetin, catechin, epicatechin, naringenin, and hesperidin. Scientists assessed their intestinal condition, gut microbiome composition, short-chain fatty acid levels, and immune indicators.
The results showed that this regimen did not affect body weight, blood parameters, fat levels, or intestinal structure, but it did lead to a significant increase in the concentration of IgG antibodies, which play an important role in immune defense. It also caused a change in the composition of intestinal bacteria, and increased the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetate and propionate.
Researchers believe that plant-based foods rich in fiber and polyphenols may help maintain a balance between gut bacteria and the immune system, but they noted that the study was conducted on a small sample of laboratory mice, which calls for further research to confirm the same effectiveness in humans.
Russian nutritionist Marina Kuznetsova pointed out that the diet should include fiber-rich foods, such as buckwheat and oats, as well as natural sources of prebiotics, such as onions, garlic, apples and bananas, because they promote a diverse gut microbiome, which reduces inflammation and supports the immune system.
