Dr. Irina Krashkina points out that severe and continuous psychological stress exacerbates the symptoms of herpes and shingles because, after infection, these viruses become dormant and remain in the nerve ganglia.
According to her, the virus in question is herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2, and the varicella-zoster virus. This is because these viruses can remain dormant in the body for years after initial infection without causing symptoms. However, under certain conditions, the virus becomes active and begins to spread via nerve fibers to the skin, causing a characteristic rash.
Psychological stress may be one of the factors that activate the virus. This is because, under severe psychological stress, the system that connects the brain to the pituitary and adrenal glands is activated, leading to an increase in the level of cortisol—the hormone necessary for the body to adapt to stress. However, under chronic stress, it may inhibit the activity of T lymphocytes and natural killer cells, which are immune cells that help control viral infections.
According to the doctor, as a result, it becomes more difficult for the immune system to suppress viral activity. Stress signals can directly affect the processes that regulate viral DNA activity. However, the precise mechanisms in humans are still being studied. Researchers have obtained data on the role of the JNK signaling pathway, in particular, through experiments conducted on mouse neurons.
The doctor warns: “In addition to stress, immunosuppression can exacerbate herpes viruses, including the use of corticosteroids, chemotherapy, HIV, cancer, hypothermia, ultraviolet radiation (sun, tanning beds), lack of sleep, chronic fatigue, vitamin deficiencies (especially vitamin D and B vitamins), menstruation, pregnancy, and age over fifty.”
To reduce the likelihood of relapses, it is recommended to improve sleep quality, engage in regular moderate physical activity, use sunscreen, and practice stress management techniques. In cases of recurrent herpes outbreaks, a doctor may prescribe preventative antiviral medication.
Generally, the appearance of unusually frequent or severe skin rashes, eye lesions, or a noticeable deterioration in general health warrants consultation with a specialist.
