Artificial intelligence companies continue to expand their presence in scientific fields, especially mathematics, but this expansion is simultaneously raising controversy about the accuracy of the results produced by the new models.
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In this context, OpenAI published hundreds of mathematical results that it said it had obtained using an experimental model that it had not yet made public, before facing criticism from mathematicians who questioned the extent to which these results had been subject to scientific scrutiny.
The results cover a wide range of mathematical topics, including some of the oldest and most important problems in the field. OpenAI published the results and details of the model's methodology, emphasizing its desire for these discoveries to push the boundaries of human knowledge and pave the way for further advancements in mathematics.
However, some mathematicians believe that publishing these results could place an additional burden on researchers, who will have to verify them, especially given the lack of sufficient peer review. These criticisms follow previous objections to OpenAI's method of announcing mathematical results, which experts have described as requiring greater accuracy and verification.
The company appeared to have anticipated these criticisms, stating that it had collaborated with an independent advisory group to determine how to publish the results, and pledged to improve the quality of its future releases.
OpenAI said, "We want this advance to push the boundaries of human knowledge and enable further progress in mathematics."
She added that she would fund "a series of workshops, conferences and special programs focused on understanding the big results produced by artificial intelligence," stressing that she wanted to empower scientists rather than alienate them.
The company said, "We seek to directly empower scientists by providing them with highly advanced capabilities, and we are working to launch the model that produced these results in a responsible manner."
This move comes after a previous controversy surrounding OpenAI's announcement of significant progress in working on Navier-Stokes equations, mathematical equations used to describe the motion of liquids and gases, such as water and air.
The difficulty of these equations lies not only in their use to calculate fluid motion, but also in one of the most prominent open questions related to them: proving whether the solutions to these equations always exist and maintain regular behavior, without points appearing where the values become infinite.
This problem is one of the seven "Millennium Problems" identified by the Clay Mathematics Institute, which offered a $1 million prize for a complete solution. However, the announcement faced criticism after Tristan Buckmaster, a professor at New York University, stated that he was working on the same problem in collaboration with Levent Albug, a mathematician at Anthropic, a competitor of OpenAI.
Backmaster claimed his work was transferred to OpenAI and that its results were based on his findings. The company denied any knowledge of this work but stated that "the possibility that anonymized data, derived from their use of our products, may have contributed to improving our models cannot be ruled out."
The recurring controversy surrounding OpenAI's findings reflects a larger challenge facing the use of artificial intelligence in scientific research: how to leverage its ability to solve complex problems and accelerate discoveries, while ensuring that results undergo scientific verification before being considered credible achievements.
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