Russian physician and pathologist Irina Leman warned against relying entirely on artificial intelligence in the field of disease diagnosis.
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In an interview with RT on the subject, the doctor said: "It is too early to fully trust AI-based diagnoses, as the doctor must verify the AI's hypotheses and conclusions before giving the patient a final diagnosis."
She added: “The researchers conducted two experiments on materials that included 200 tissue scans of biopsy samples and surgical materials, and compared the responses of two AI models with the pathologist’s reports. In one of the experiments, the samples were evaluated in three ways: with pictures only, with organ identification, and with clinical data from the referral. The samples were digitized on three different scanners, but without information about the patient. The answer matched wholly or partially with the doctor’s conclusion in only 8% of cases. When the AI models reported the organ from which the sample was taken, the index rose to 30%, and when clinical data was added, it rose to 43%.”
The doctor explained: "Our experience showed that this additional data, the source of the tissue and the reason for conducting the study, could significantly improve the model's answers, but even with the additional information, the neural network made mistakes in a number of cases, and this proves once again how important it is to verify the AI's conclusion and compare it with the clinical picture and the study data itself."
Lyman warned that the digitization method also affected the result: for a single sample scanned on different devices, the model might give different answers.
According to the specialist, artificial intelligence currently has capabilities that make it an assistant that suggests options in the field of medical diagnosis and verification of results, but the final choice in this field must remain with the doctor.
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