There are three signs that are not given importance - general weakness, high body temperature, and sore throat, although they may indicate the presence of a malignant tumor.
The first signs of stomach cancer!
Dr. Ivan Karasev, a specialist in medical and surgical oncology, points out that malignant tumor growth can be confused with cold diseases. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the general health condition, especially if the person constantly feels general weakness.
In addition, a persistently high body temperature can indicate the development of cancer. The third sign is pain in the throat, as in this case you do not notice any effectiveness of the medications used to treat colds.
The specialist advises not to ignore symptoms such as wounds not healing for a long time, constant headaches, and unusual secretions when going to the toilet.
According to him, to reduce the risk of developing cancer, you must quit smoking and not drink alcohol regularly, and it is necessary to practice physical activity and follow a balanced diet.
Identifying a “critical pattern” behind “Long Covid”!
A new study on low levels of a known chemical messenger in people with long Covid has found a pathway that combines many possible causes of this chronic condition.
University of Pennsylvania immunologist Andrea Wong and her team searched for distinct biological changes that might explain the puzzling mix of about 200 possible symptoms that people with “long Covid” can experience.
The researchers analyzed blood samples from 58 patients with “long Covid” and found some differences that distinguished them from 30 people who had completely recovered.
It turns out that “long Covid” patients have depleted levels of serotonin, a chemical messenger known for its role in enhancing mood, among other functions related to memory, cognition and sleep.
Using a range of animal models, the team then pieced together a potential pathway linking serotonin deficiency in the gut, where most serotonin is normally produced, to its effects in the brain.
The proposed relationship goes like this: Suspended viral material can stimulate the body's immune system to pump out interferons, a group of signaling proteins involved in antiviral defences.
This leads to inflammation, which limits the absorption of tryptophan, an amino acid used to make serotonin, in the gut.
Persistent inflammation also messes with platelets, blood cells involved in blood clotting that also transport serotonin around the body.
Low levels of serotonin in the blood circulation weaken the activity of the vagus nerve, which is the highway that sends signals between the brain, intestines, and other organs.
Mayan Levy , a microbiologist at the University of Pennsylvania and senior author of the study, explained: “Our findings suggest that many of the current hypotheses for the pathophysiology of long Covid (viral reservoir, persistent inflammation, hypercoagulability, and vagal dysfunction) may be related to a single pathway.” "Related to reducing serotonin."
In mice, lower serotonin levels and decreased vagus nerve activity resulting from a viral infection led to the animals performing worse on memory tests.
However, it is striking that memory impairment can be prevented when serotonin levels are restored.
More human studies are needed to test these suggestions.
The study was published in the journal Cell.