But women often overlook a lesser-known but very important side effect: tooth loss.
This occurs as a result of decreased levels of estrogen, the primary female hormone, which leads to thinning of gum tissue, oral infections, and decreased jaw bone density, which weakens the support of teeth and increases the likelihood of gum recession and tooth loss.
"Women are not adequately warned about the effects of estrogen on dental health," said Dr. Janet Gray, author of "The Truth About Sex Hormones." Surveys have shown that the majority of postmenopausal women are unaware of these risks, although more than a quarter of participants in some studies reported experiencing tooth decay or tooth loss.
“Tooth loss during menopause is more common than many people realize, and unfortunately, most women are not adequately warned about it,” said Dr. Richard Najat, a periodontist and implant dentist in New York.
Women have shared their real-life experiences on social media. "Imagine flossing your teeth every night and suddenly you notice constant bleeding," said Louisa, a mother of five currently going through perimenopause. "It's like a bathroom sink turning into a crime scene." Other women reported losing most of their upper teeth and having to wear dentures due to hormonal changes.
Studies indicate that nearly half of premenopausal or menopausal women notice changes in their teeth or gums, while more than a quarter of postmenopausal women may experience tooth loss within five years due to osteoporosis and increased rates of gum disease. Approximately 25% of women also suffer from decreased saliva flow, which increases the risk of cavities and reduces the mouth's ability to protect its tissues.
Experts recommend maintaining good oral hygiene, flossing regularly, and seeing a dentist twice a year. Women are also advised to undergo hormone replacement therapy to restore hormonal balance, along with a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D to maintain jawbone density and strength.
"The earlier a woman begins HRT during perimenopause or menopause, the greater the benefit to her oral health," Gray emphasizes.
