Scientists from Moscow State University have synthesized dumbbell-shaped, biconvex nanoparticles made of magnetite (iron oxide) and gold. These particles could be used in both the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
A photosensitizer—a compound that, when exposed to light, releases toxic forms of reactive oxygen species that damage cell membranes and DNA—was loaded onto the magnetic surface. The scientists combined the gold surface with a fluorophore—a luminescent molecule.
As this system accumulates within the tumor, it reveals its location through fluorescence. It can also kill cancer cells by releasing reactive oxygen species. To test the effectiveness of this system, researchers conducted studies on colon cancer cells.
Professor Natalia Klyachko, head of the scientific team and head of the Department of Enzymatic Chemistry at the Faculty of Chemistry, says: "We have shown that the dumbbell-shaped biconvex nanoparticles are capable of incorporating light-sensitive compounds. These particles will find applications in diagnostics and photodynamic therapy. In the future, we plan to use this system with other types of cells and tissues, and other compounds, such as signaling compounds, to monitor their effect on the overall regeneration processes in nerve tissues."
