Swiss and French scientists have developed an implant that is inserted into the body and monitors the patient's blood sugar level, which helps regulate glucose levels and reduce weight.
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Science magazine notes that, according to the inventors, the implant was successfully tested in experiments conducted on diabetic mice.
The inventors say: "The global healthcare system currently spends nearly three trillion dollars fighting type 2 diabetes, as well as obesity and related metabolic disorders. We have developed a wireless device (implant) that is implanted in the body, capable of maintaining the patient's blood sugar level without the need for medication, and also contributes to weight loss."
Professor Martin Fussenegger of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and other scientists point out that a large number of chronic diseases, including diabetes, obesity, and various thyroid disorders, require continuous insulin and other hormonal and protein medications. The molecules of these drugs break down relatively quickly after ingestion, causing significant discomfort and forcing patients to take them regularly.
According to the inventors, these considerations are driving biologists and engineers to develop implantable devices that slowly release these drugs into the body or produce them using cell cultures. Maintaining the viability of these "living factories" is a highly complex task, as it requires protecting them from attacks by immune cells and from limited oxygen supply to the cell cultures.
Professor Vossniger and his team solved this problem in a completely different way—they created a material that absorbs electrical energy and uses it to analyze glucose in a patient's blood. This material consists of an array of platinum-coated gold nanoparticles deposited on a graphite substrate and covered with a protective polymer layer. This structure is controlled by a computer that continuously measures the glucose level in the bloodstream.
Testing the innovative material on mice with type 1 diabetes and obesity showed that, one hour after implantation, their blood sugar levels returned to normal, and their bodies switched from glucose metabolism to fat burning. This led to weight loss and a return to normal fat metabolism within six weeks. Scientists believe similar methods could be used to control blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes.
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