A study conducted by scientists at the University of Calgary in Canada showed that children who spend a lot of time in front of screens may suffer from problems in learning, speech development, and psychological well-being.
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The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) noted that scientists reached this conclusion after analyzing data from more than 2.8 million children from 64 countries.
The researchers conducted a comprehensive review of previous large-scale scientific studies that addressed the impact of screen time on children's development, taking into account the use of smartphones, televisions and other devices, including video games, social media and watching videos.
Researchers found that spending more time in front of screens is associated with lower overall academic performance. However, individual performance measures in math, reading, and science did not show a clear correlation with screen time.
The researchers pointed out that these areas have not been studied sufficiently, and therefore the available data does not allow for drawing definitive conclusions.
In addition, prolonged screen use has been linked to a decrease in speech development, and children have reported more emotional and social problems, including difficulties interacting with their peers.
The researchers also discovered a link between these problems and so-called introverted behaviors, i.e., symptoms of anxiety and depression that children suffer primarily internally, while external behaviors, such as aggression and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, were more common.
According to the researchers, the magnitude of these correlations is comparable to the impact of many other known factors that affect child development, including socioeconomic conditions, parenting styles, and premature birth.
The researchers urged that these results not be interpreted as conclusive evidence that electronic devices specifically cause emotional, intellectual, or behavioral problems, as the study relied on data from observational studies and therefore could not prove a causal relationship.
Scientists are still unable to pinpoint the most influential screen types precisely. According to them, screen type may be one of the modifiable factors.
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