A study has shown that natural cranberry juice without added sugar may reduce the activity of plaque bacteria.
This study was conducted by Christine Wu, a professor of pediatric dentistry at the University of Illinois at Chicago, and was published in the journal Scientific Reports.
The scientists studied proanthocyanidins, compounds found in cranberries that prevent bacteria from attaching to cells. Fourteen children and eight adults consumed small amounts of three beverages: pure juice, a sweetened beverage (27% juice), and water.
In the morning, samples of overnight dental plaque were taken from one side of the teeth of the participants. The volunteers then rinsed their mouths with water and drank three small portions of the beverage, which had been circulated in the mouth beforehand. After 30 minutes, the researchers collected plaque from the other side and compared the characteristics of the samples before and after the treatment.
After consuming the pure juice, plaque bacteria multiplied at a slower rate and produced less acid that damages enamel. This was the case in both children and adults.
According to Wu, these properties make unsweetened cranberry juice a potential functional beverage for oral health. Its components can reduce the activity of bacteria involved in the development of tooth decay.
However, these conclusions are preliminary at this time, the study was limited in scope, and it's unknown whether the juice reduces the risk of tooth decay. Furthermore, the acidic beverage may be unsafe for tooth enamel if consumed in excess.
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