This condition, known as acid reflux, occurs when stomach acid rises into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest, and may be accompanied by bad breath, hoarseness, and nausea.
Dr. Philippa Kay explains: "You should always consult a doctor if you experience unexplained and persistent heartburn, as it may be a sign of an underlying health problem."
Other factors that worsen heartburn include: overeating, caffeine consumption, wearing tight clothing, and eating right before bedtime.
Some patients rely on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), such as omeprazole, to reduce stomach acid and relieve symptoms. However, long-term use of these medications can increase the risk of bone fractures, vitamin deficiencies, and even dementia, so they are not a long-term solution.
Heartburn can also be a sign of other health problems, such as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, which can be tested for and treated with antibiotics if necessary. It can also be caused by a hiatal hernia, where the upper part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm, putting pressure on the stomach acid. This condition may require surgery to repair the hernia after diagnosis via endoscopy.
