The official Israeli Broadcasting Authority said the law came into effect after its final approval in the Knesset.
For its part, the newspaper "Yedioth Ahronoth" stated that the law received the support of 93 members without any opposition or abstention being recorded.
The newspaper added that the law "will form the legal basis for unprecedented trials, the largest and most important in Israel since the trial of Adolf Eichmann."
The Knesset approved the bill in its first reading in mid-January, at the initiative of MK Simcha Rotman of the Religious Zionist Party and Yulia Malinovsky of the Yisrael Beiteinu Party.
Israel claims that the Palestinians it arrested during the October 7, 2023 attack belong to Hamas's "elite unit," and they have not yet been brought to trial.
On that day, the Qassam Brigades, the military wing of Hamas, attacked military bases and settlements along the Gaza Strip, saying the operation was in response to "the occupation's daily crimes against the Palestinian people and their holy sites, especially the Al-Aqsa Mosque."
The attack was followed by a two-year Israeli war on the Gaza Strip, which resulted in more than 72,000 Palestinian martyrs and 172,000 wounded, in addition to widespread destruction affecting about 90% of the infrastructure, according to Palestinian data.
Israeli Justice Minister Yariv Levin said on Sunday that the law gives the court the authority to issue and carry out death sentences, according to Yedioth Ahronoth.
He added: "We are talking about hundreds of defendants, and the army will be responsible for leading the legal proceedings."
According to the newspaper, most of the defendants will participate in the sessions via video call from inside the prisons, while some of them will attend in person at specific sessions.
More than 9,600 Palestinian prisoners, including children and women, are held in Israeli prisons, amid human rights accusations that Israel practices torture, starvation, and medical neglect, which has led to the death of dozens of prisoners.
