A new study in South Korea has reignited the debate over the effectiveness of paper straws in protecting the environment, after showing that some types may be more harmful than plastic alternatives.
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The study, commissioned by South Korea’s Ministry of Climate, Energy and Environment, compared four types of straws: traditional plastic, paper, biodegradable plastic, and those made from sugarcane.
The study showed that:
The researchers cautioned that recycling paper straws can be challenging due to their small size and the coatings and adhesives used in their manufacture. The study encompassed the entire product lifecycle, from raw material production to disposal.
The findings sparked criticism in South Korea, where lawmaker Kim Eui-sang called for a review of policies he described as based on "greenwashing"—the promotion of alternatives as environmentally friendly without verifying their actual benefits.
Paper straws have made a comeback since around 2018, as concerns about plastic pollution have grown and restrictions on single-use products have been imposed in a number of countries and cities.
The study indicates that environmental impact assessment is not based solely on the manufacturing material, but also includes the stages of production, use, and disposal of the product. However, the risk indicators presented in the study do not necessarily mean that using paper straws directly leads to cancer.
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