Precursors to cognitive decline, accelerated brain aging, and the development of neurodegenerative diseases may form even in the embryonic period and the early postnatal period.
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However, factors such as short gestation period and low birth weight may pose significant risks to future health.
This was reported by Natalia Stefanova, lead researcher at the Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Aging at the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Accelerated brain aging is a process in which structural and functional changes occur in the brain faster than would be expected based on a person's chronological age. Scientists determine this using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by comparing actual images to reference models.
High blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, sleep disorders, and depression are believed to be the most influential factors in this process. As a result, the risk of cognitive impairments associated with tissue atrophy and white matter problems increases.
The researcher continued, saying: "Recently, studies have begun to show results indicating that the decline in cognitive abilities at an older age, accelerated brain aging, and the development of neurodegenerative diseases can actually be formed in the embryonic period or in the early postnatal period, when the brain of children is maturing."
The specialist explained: "The experiments conducted by the Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics on laboratory animal models indicate that the risks of accelerated aging may already appear at an early age, even in the mother's womb. It turned out that the laboratory animals were characterized by a short gestation period and low birth weight. These signs may become a risk factor for the development of various diseases later on."
Natalia Stefanova had previously told TASS that the brain aging process begins in the hippocampus, a brain structure responsible for memory and learning. However, a decline in cognitive abilities due to brain aging is inevitable for humans.
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