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Study reveals surprising effect of sugar on gut bacteria during antibiotic treatment

 

Study reveals surprising effect of sugar on gut bacteria during antibiotic treatment

Scientists have discovered the first evidence that increasing the proportion of sugars and other carbohydrates in a patient's diet may significantly enhance the negative effect of antibiotics on gut bacteria.

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The New York University School of Medicine's press office indicates that doctors made this discovery during a unique trial involving 173 volunteers undergoing treatment for various types of leukemia. To restore the bone marrow's ability to produce blood cells after chemotherapy, the patients underwent bone marrow transplants and took antibiotics for extended periods until their immune systems recovered.

"We are currently actively studying long-term negative changes in gut bacteria structure associated with antibiotic side effects," said Jonas Schlöter, associate professor at the New York University School of Medicine. "Our analyses suggest that these negative changes can be significantly reduced by avoiding sugar-rich foods during and after antibiotic treatment."

During the trial, doctors monitored the patients' responses to antibiotics and their gut microbiota, adjusting their diets as needed. Researchers used this opportunity to study the impact of dietary changes during antibiotic treatment on gut microbiota composition and survival, as well as the emergence of various antibiotic-associated complications.

The analysis results showed a significant decrease in gut microbiota diversity among patients who followed a high-carbohydrate diet. On average, microbial diversity decreased by 21% for every additional 100 grams of sugar consumed in the 48 hours prior to treatment. This was accompanied by increased activity of certain pathogenic strains, including Enterococcus faecium.

Scientists obtained similar results in experiments conducted on mice that were fed a diet rich in sucrose while also being given antibiotics.

The researchers concluded that these results suggest that sugar may enhance the negative effect of antibiotics on gut bacteria, which should be taken into account, especially when treating patients with weakened immune systems who are undergoing chemotherapy for cancer.

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