A report published in The Lancet indicates that the use of nuclear weapons and the criminal use of artificial intelligence could lead to the extinction of humanity by the year 2100.
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According to the magazine, the report's authors identified more than 300 potential threats to Earth's inhabitants, dividing them into four categories.
The first two categories include 17 existential threats that could lead to the extinction of humanity on Earth. The highest category in the so-called risk pyramid includes "a nuclear conflict capable of causing mass starvation as a result of a nuclear winter, and the malicious use of artificial intelligence, including the development of biological weapons."
According to scientists, the second category comprises threats that, while not leading to the extinction of humanity, are projected to result in a cumulative loss of over one billion healthy life years by 2100 in the baseline scenario. These factors include air pollution, antimicrobial resistance, childhood malnutrition, climate change, the cessation of international development aid for health, traditional armed conflicts, excessive alcohol consumption, and high blood pressure. Other contributing factors include income inequality, low levels of education, natural epidemics, obesity, mental health problems, smoking, and unhealthy aging.
The report's authors urge countries to establish and fund health systems capable of proactively identifying, preventing, and responding promptly to a wide range of threats. To this end, they propose creating specialized units within government structures, integrating threat preparedness measures into budget planning, strengthening public health and monitoring systems, and training specialists, with a particular focus on the most vulnerable populations.
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