Aging leads to hormonal changes that affect women's health, especially after menopause, when estrogen levels decrease and the risk of bone density loss and osteoporosis increases.
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But a recent study suggests that another hormone, testosterone, may help boost bone protection when added to estrogen therapy.
Although testosterone is associated with men, women's bodies also produce it, and it may play a role in maintaining bone health.
Researchers analyzed data from 51 postmenopausal women who received two types of hormone therapy at the same hospital: one based on estrogen alone, and the other combining estrogen and testosterone.
The researchers measured bone mineral density in the participants and compared the results one year after treatment. The study showed that:
Researchers believe that testosterone may enhance the effect of estrogen on bones, but they have not yet proven that this increase reduces the risk of fractures.
The study's findings were presented at the Menopause Society's 2026 annual meeting in San Diego in October, and have not yet been published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.
Previous research suggests a link between testosterone levels and bone density in women.
In 2022, a study conducted on women aged 40 to 60 found a positive relationship between testosterone levels and bone density in the lumbar spine.
In 2023, other studies explored the possibility of using testosterone, alone or in combination with estrogen, to improve bone density in postmenopausal women.
But these results are still preliminary and require further clinical trials involving larger numbers of women and lasting longer periods to confirm that the treatment reduces the risk of fractures, and not just increases bone density.
Can testosterone be used as a treatment for women?
The evidence is still insufficient to determine the long-term benefits and risks of adding testosterone to hormone therapy. Therefore, its use as a treatment for bone health requires further research and careful medical evaluation.
The findings confirm that testosterone is not a hormone exclusive to men, but also plays important roles in women's bodies. However, scientists still need to better understand its effects on bones and determine whether adding it to estrogen provides effective protection against fractures after menopause.
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