Dr. Dmitry Karpenko, an associate professor in the Department of Outpatient Therapy at Pirogov Medical University, stated that hiccups lasting more than 48 hours may indicate a number of diseases, including diabetes.
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According to him, most people consider hiccups a mere annoyance that goes away on its own. However, this involuntary movement may not simply be a natural consequence of eating fast food, but rather a distress signal from the internal organs.
He continues, "Hiccups are an involuntary reflex involving the vagus nerve, the phrenic nerve, and the brainstem. A signal from the trigger—overeating, alcohol, or hot or cold food—travels along the neural pathways, and the brain sends a counter-signal—the diaphragm contracts forcefully, but the epiglottis blocks the airway, producing a characteristic hiccup sound."
According to him, if hiccups occur regularly without a clear cause, it may indicate systemic diseases, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, hiatal hernia, stomach ulcers, pancreatitis, liver disease, and even tumors of the esophagus or stomach.
In addition, metabolic disorders – such as diabetic neuropathy, kidney failure with toxin buildup, potassium or calcium deficiency, as well as pneumonia, pleurisy, and ear, throat and nose infections that irritate branches of the vagus nerve – can trigger hiccups.
He says: “If hiccups occur regularly or last for more than 48 consecutive hours, this is a good reason to consult a doctor. Because attempts to stop persistent hiccups with folk remedies or unregulated medications are futile and dangerous. Timely treatment of the underlying medical condition will eliminate the symptom and prevent complications.”
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