A study published in the scientific journal STTT showed that fructose, found in fruits, may be able to slow the growth of liver cancer in mice carrying certain changes in cancer cells.
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The researchers found that as liver cancer develops, cancer cells gradually lose their ability to process fructose, due to a decrease in the activity of the ALDOB gene, which is responsible for breaking down this sugar.
To test the effect of fructose on tumors, scientists conducted an experiment on mice with liver cancer and the ALDOB gene disabled, where they gave them water with 10% fructose added to it. It turned out that the formation and growth of tumors slowed down significantly in these mice, while almost no similar effect was observed when the gene was functioning normally.
A subsequent analysis showed that fructose accumulates in cancer cells as an intermediate product of its processing, and this substance disrupts the MPI enzyme, impairs cell function, and triggers cell death.
Based on this discovery, scientists studied nearly 2,000 drug compounds and identified epsilin, a compound that affects the same enzyme. In experiments on mice, the drug inhibited tumor growth and was even more effective when combined with the anticancer drug sorafenib.
The researchers believe the discovered mechanism could help in developing new methods for treating liver cancer.
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