As summer approaches, doctors warn against exposure to sunstroke, which has very serious health effects and can sometimes lead to problems with the heart, kidneys, and brain.
Regarding the topic, Russian general practitioner Dr. Elena Kolesnikova said, "The body deals with heat like a smart house with a natural air conditioner. The skin sweats and reddens to dissipate heat, but direct exposure to sunlight disrupts the temperature-regulating centers in the brain, leading to a failure of the cooling process. The first symptoms of heatstroke may include tinnitus, nausea, dizziness, and confusion."
She added, "Not everyone is equally susceptible to heatstroke. Those most at risk are children under four years old, the elderly over 65, as well as patients with heart disease, diabetes, thyroid disorders, obesity, or mental health conditions. Certain habits can also increase this risk, such as insufficient water intake, lack of sleep, taking diuretics, strenuous exercise in the sun, alcohol consumption, and wearing tight clothing."
The doctor pointed out that some people believe that sitting in the shade will protect them from heatstroke, but people are still at risk even in shaded areas or inside crowded, poorly ventilated public transportation, such as non-air-conditioned buses.
1. Isolate the person from the heat source and move them to a cool, well-ventilated place, removing any tight clothing.
2. Begin by cooling the head, then the neck, armpits, behind the knees, and groin.
3. If the person is conscious and not nauseous, give them cool water, still mineral water, or slightly salted water to replace lost electrolytes.
4. In case of loss of consciousness, convulsions, or vomiting: Do not give any fluids or medications. Place the person in a firm, supine position and call for emergency medical services immediately.
Dr. Kolesnikova advises the following rules to avoid heatstroke:
• Avoid prolonged exposure during peak hours (midday).
• Gradually acclimate your body to the heat by taking short walks in the morning and evening.
• Drink plenty of water, natural juices, and electrolyte-rich beverages.
• Wear loose-fitting, light-colored clothing made of natural fabrics, and cover your hea
d when in the sun.
