Neurologist Marina Anikina pointed out that society in general views silence as a sign of self-control or a way to take a break from the hustle and bustle of life.
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However, from a neurophysiological perspective, conscious abstention from speech is not simply a passive cessation, but a complex process that requires tremendous effort.
According to her, when a person decides to remain silent, the speech centers in the brain do not "sleep," but rather the frontal lobes begin to strongly inhibit Broca's area, sending inhibitory commands to the muscles of the tongue and lips.
She says: "This requires much more effort than normal speech. Because the greater the desire to speak, the greater the activity in the anterior cingulate cortex, which is responsible for internal conflicts.
During prolonged silence, the brain enters "monitoring mode," where cognitive acuity improves, but the ability to understand others' words diminishes. In an attempt to compensate for the lack of communication, the brain reverts to reading facial expressions and gestures, essentially reverting to primitive communication mechanisms.
But according to her, the picture is completely different when speech declines not by a person's will, but due to illness.
She says: "In the case of nervous system diseases, the brain lacks the energy needed to observe the world and speak at the same time. In order to survive, it disrupts the speech function."
It indicates that speech disorders occur in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and frontotemporal degeneration.
According to her, speech decline is particularly concerning in old age. If silence and withdrawal persist for more than four weeks, it may indicate depression, the early stages of Parkinson's disease, or dementia. A sudden drop in voice is a clear sign of developing illness and a direct reason to consult a neurologist.
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